Until recently the Ismaʿilis were judged almost exclusively on the basis of the hostile accounts of their Muslim enemies and the fanciful tales of the Crusaders. As a result, numerous misconceptions were disseminated about the teachings and practices of the Ismaʿilis, known in European tradition as the Assassins. In the 1930s, however, authentic Ismaʿili texts began to be recovered from private collections which shed new light on mediaeval Ismaʿili history and thought. This collective volume brings together some of the original results of modern scholarship in the area, written by leading contemporary authorities, as well as distinguished Islamists.